The development of high power neutron converters/spallation targets within the frame of in-house projects as well as within international projects for various research purposes includes the design and test of different concepts for liquid metal targets. Thermal-hydraulics and structural mechanics are employed to demonstrate that the structural integrity of the most delicate components of the target can be maintained under a variety of operational and accident-scenario conditions. It is of crucial safety importance that, for instance, the Beam Entrance Window (BEW) is adequately cooled and can sustain cyclic thermal stresses during operation of the target.
Milenković et al. (Fri,) studied this question.