What question did this study set out to answer?

To develop and test a discrete quantum graph theory that describes spacetime and how continuum theories emerge at larger scales.

March 4, 2026Open Access

Quantumograph: A Testable Quantum Graph Theory of Spacetime

Key Points

To develop and test a discrete quantum graph theory that describes spacetime and how continuum theories emerge at larger scales.
Proposed a quantum graph model as the fundamental ontology of spacetime.
Conducted initial numerical simulations to validate the model.
Outlined a measurement protocol feasible on current quantum processing units (QPU).
Identified testable predictions related to qubit platforms and causality tests.
Initial simulations qualitatively supported the quantum graph model.
Key predictions include signatures for microwave/dielectric and retrocausal tests of causality.
Emergent constants linked to cosmological scales were established.

Abstract

We’re pleased to share the revised preprint of our work on a discrete quantum-graph theory of spacetime (the Quantumograph). The Quantumograph is a discrete quantum graph model in which continuum field theories — including general relativity and gauge theories — emerge as effective descriptions at long scale. Importantly, the discrete graph model is presented as the fundamental ontology; continuum theories arise only as approximations in a controlled scaling regime. Initial emulations and numerical checks (see our GitHub repository) qualitatively support the construction; true empirical confirmation will require implementation of the measurement protocol described in the paper, which is feasible on current QPU platforms under the conditions we specify. Key testable elements include predictions for qubit platforms (QPU and annealers), microwave/dielectric signatures, two-boundary (retrocausal) tests of causality, CHSH/Bell observables, and relations tying emergent constants to cosmological scales. Feedback and collaboration welcome.I constantly add new numerical calculations and theoretical and mathematical results when I have free time and capacity allows. If you have ideas, opportunities - please write to me. Currently seeking collaboration for simulation, as well as the possibility of experimental testing in such large laboratories as Google, D-Wave, IBM, Rigetti, QuantWare, etc. Collaborations are also explicitly welcome to conduct large-scale numerical simulations on extended graph sizes and in the formal big numbers of 𝐿, which require computational resources beyond those currently available to the author. Such simulations would allow systematic finite-size scaling analyses and provide a decisive test of the proposed emergence of continuum behavior.Experimental testing, if the theory is confirmed, would give global topological characteristics of the space-time graph: average degree, dimension (spectral and fractal), critical indices, universality class, etc.

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