The global energy transition toward renewable sources represents one of the most significant structural shifts in modern economic history. This paper presents an extensive statistical analysis of country-level energy consumption patterns from 2000 to 2022, quantifying the evolving shares of renewable and fossil fuel energy across 217 nations. While renewable energy adoption has accelerated substantially–reaching approximately 30% of global electricity generation in 2022, with wind and solar contributing about 12%–fossil fuels continue to dominate the global energy landscape, accounting for over 80% of total primary energy consumption. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset of 4,857 country-year records, we employ multiple regression models, cluster analysis, and trend decomposition to identify patterns, quantify disparities, and project future trajectories. Our findings reveal a complex energy transition landscape where high renewable shares are predominantly concentrated in low-income, hydropower-dependent economies, while major industrialized nations maintain significant fossil fuel dependen- cies despite technological advancements. The analysis quantifies regional divergences, identifies policy effectiveness metrics, and provides evidence-based recommendations for accelerating the global energy transition.
Shivam (Mon,) studied this question.