Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Nigeria Using Difference-in-Differences for Efficiency Gains Analysis

Community health centres in Nigeria are critical for addressing healthcare disparities, yet their operational efficiency varies significantly. A difference-in-differences model was employed to assess the impact of interventions on service delivery outcomes, accounting for potential confounding factors such as baseline disparities and time trends. Data from six selected communities were analysed to determine efficiency gains attributable to intervention implementation. The DiD analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in patient attendances by 15% after the intervention, with a 95% confidence interval of (8%, 23%). The results suggest that targeted interventions can effectively boost community health centre efficiency. Policy makers should prioritise sustained funding and capacity building for these centres to maintain and further improve their operational effectiveness. Community Health Centres, Difference-in-Differences (DiD), Efficiency Gains, Nigeria Treatment effect was estimated with logit(pᵢ)=β₀+β^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.