The challenge for decarbonising the energy system is increasing electrification and system-friendly supply to customer installations, neighbourhoods and charging clusters. In particular, the increasing prevalence of heat pumps and charging infrastructure for electric vehicles can cause grid bottlenecks. These can be exacerbated by dynamic electricity prices, which do not take grid restrictions into account and tend to increase simultaneity. The grid operator can take action on the basis of Section 14a of the German Energy Industry Act (EnWG). To do so, the operation of generation plants, local storage facilities and controllable consumers must be coordinated with the grid and the energy market. This can reduce grid bottlenecks and optimise the overall supply of electrical energy in terms of region and time for use in the various sectors of electricity, heat and mobility in a low-carbon maNUCr. In addition, the need for energy use from central storage facilities or through the reconversion of hydrogen into electricity can be reduced through automated processes, thereby lowering overall system costs. The CACTUS project goes beyond the active control approach and investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of predictive price signals.
Huschenhöfer et al. (2026) studied this question.