Exploring the prevalence and determinants of death anxiety in cancer patients: implications for mental health and psychological support – a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Death anxiety represents a significant psychological challenge for cancer patients, affecting their emotional well-being and their adherence to treatment regimens. This study aims to assess the prevalence of death anxiety and identify the factors that contribute to its presence in cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 300 cancer patients from two oncology hospitals. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) was utilized to assess levels of death anxiety. Demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables were evaluated through multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Moderate to severe death anxiety was reported by 54.7% of patients. Significant factors contributing to higher death anxiety included younger age ( β = − 0.28, P = 0.004), female gender (OR = 2.15, P < 0.001), and lower social support ( r = − 0.46, P < 0.001). A history of psychiatric disorders was also strongly associated with elevated death anxiety scores. Conclusion: Death anxiety is prevalent among cancer patients and is influenced by demographic and psychosocial factors. Providing psychological support to those at higher risk may alleviate distress and enhance coping mechanisms.