This study examines balconies in contemporary Parisian housing (2007–2020) as façade-threshold systems that shape architectural expression and offer qualitative environmental mediation potentials and socio-spatial capacities. The research combines (i) a selective bibliographic synthesis used to construct the analytical domains and criteria, (ii) field observation and photographic documentation, and (iii) graphical–morphological analysis of 33 housing projects. The corpus is organised into three balcony systems (individual, continuous/filant, and combined), and seven recurrent subtypes (symmetrical, asymmetrical, box-shaped, double-height, uniform continuous, variable continuous, and hybrid). Results show how variations in projection, depth, enclosure, and façade integration structure façade rhythm and threshold conditions, and suggest differentiated shading, exposure, and ventilation opportunities consistent with established passive-design principles. Environmental statements are therefore presented as inferential interpretations grounded in observable morphology, not as measured performance outcomes; no thermal simulations or post-occupancy measurements are undertaken. The contribution is a reproducible typological classification and comparative evaluation matrix that can guide future quantitative verification and support climate-responsive housing design under dense regulatory contexts.
Hakim et al. (2026) studied this question.