Application of Proteins Binding Components of Bacterial Cell Wall for Extraction, Concentration, and Analysis of Biological Samples

Proteins that bind components of bacterial cell wall play a key role in innate immunity and interactions between bacteria and host organisms. They participate in the control of peptidoglycan synthesis and degradation, determine the pathogenic specificity of bacteria, affect their ability to adhere and invade, and serve as important elements of molecular recognition. The review discusses proteins of diverse origins and their recombinant analogues, their structure and binding mechanisms, and prospects for application in the diagnostics of bacterial infections and functionalization of nanomaterials.