Gravitational Interaction Mediated by the Vacuum Energy Field and Its Microphysical Mechanism

This work proposes a phenomenological framework for gravity in which space is interpreted as a medium filled with a background energy field associated with vacuum energy. Atomic systems are assumed to interact continuously with this field through a stationary energy exchange process. The interaction of a macroscopic body with the background field is characterized by a parameter proportional to the number of atoms in the body and the characteristic power of energy exchange of a single atom. Gravitational interaction between bodies arises as a macroscopic effect of this interaction with the background field. The model naturally reproduces the Newtonian limit of gravity and allows the effective gravitational coupling to depend on the properties of the surrounding medium. On cosmological scales this dependence may lead to a gradual weakening of gravitational interaction as vacuum energy becomes dominant during cosmic evolution.