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The study aims to model non-equilibrium plasma flow along the stagnation streamline of hypersonic vehicles.

March 7, 2026Open Access

Plasma properties along the stagnation streamline of blunt bodies moving at hypersonic speeds

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Modeling plasma behavior and temperature equilibrations in hypersonic vehicles, indicating critical flow dynamics.

The study aims to model non-equilibrium plasma flow along the stagnation streamline of hypersonic vehicles.
Applied a reduced form of the Euler equations and a plasma-surface interaction model.
Analyzed flow under different free-stream velocities (below and above 2 km s−1).
Distinguished between three flow regimes based on temperature equilibration.
At low speeds (<2 km s−1), flow chemistry remains 'frozen'.
At 3 km s−1, plasma evolution shows temperature coupling near the surface.
At 6 km s−1, temperature equilibrations occur behind the bow shock due to chemical reactions generating high-enthalpy species.

Petrov et al. (2025) studied this question.

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