What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to compare the effects of methanol, ethanol, and butanol on engine combustion and emissions.

Unveiling the role of methanol, ethanol, and butanol additives in a spark ignition engine: Combustion, performance, and emission metrics

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Investigates combustion and emissions performance with various alcohol additives in engines, suggesting cleaner fuel options.

The aim is to compare the effects of methanol, ethanol, and butanol on engine combustion and emissions.
Conducted experiments on a single-cylinder, four-stroke engine
Tested three alcohol blends: M30, E30, and B30
Measures taken at 1500 rpm under 50% and 75% load conditions
Evaluated combustion, performance, and emissions metrics
B30 produced the most advanced pressure peaks at 17°CA at 75% load
M30 achieved highest brake thermal efficiency (BTE) at 29.6%
E30 increased brake power by 10.1% at 75% load
E30 reduced HC emissions by over 40% and NOx emissions by 26.5%
All blends showed increased CO2 and BSFC, with M30 up by 24.3% at 75% load

El-Adawy et al. (2026) studied this question.

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