Chemical modification improves scale inhibition effects of polyacrylic acid, suggesting enhanced applications.
Poly(acrylic acid) with molecular weight of 5000 was produced by using 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride as chain transfer agent. Amine chain end groups of the resulting polyacrylic acid were transformed into nitrilodi(methylenephosphonic acid) by reacting formaldehyde-phosphorous acid in the presence of hydrogen chloride. 'H NMR, 31 P NMR and microanalysis were used for structural analysis.The modified polyacrylic acid had much better calcium carbonate scale inhibition effect than commercial poly(acrylic acid).
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Akar et al. (1999) studied this question.
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