Ownership Structure and The Performance Implications of Human Resource Accounting: Evidence from Football Clubs in Southwest Nigeria

This study examines how ownership structure influences the adoption of Human Resource Accounting (HRA) and its effects on the performance of football clubs in Southwest Nigeria. Using data from ten clubs over 2020–2024, club performance was measured through league rankings and financial indicators, while HRA adoption was proxied by the valuation of players and coaching staff. Results indicate that both state-owned and privately-owned clubs implement HRA practices, but adoption levels vary according to resource availability and managerial priorities. HRA positively impacts club performance, with state-owned clubs benefiting from institutionalized structures, while privately-owned clubs leverage strategic human capital management. The study recommends formalizing HRA practices, aligning human capital investments with strategic objectives, and prioritizing talent development to improve competitive performance, financial stability, and long-term sustainability.