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March 8, 2026BMC Public HealthOpen Access

Regional heterogeneity and the role of social vulnerability in air pollution-related mortality from chronic lower respiratory diseases: a nationwide analysis of the United States (2010–2020)

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Authors

DMDong MiaoBethune International Peace HospitalLWLiao WangSGIDI Engineering Consulting (China)XBXinfeng Bai

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Implication

Nationwide analysis shows PM2.5 raises mortality risk for chronic lower respiratory diseases, highlighting regional disparities.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the spatiotemporal variations of air pollution-related mortality from chronic lower respiratory diseases and the role of social vulnerability.
  • Analyzed monthly time-series data from 3,108 counties (2010–2020)
  • Used Generalized Linear Models with a negative binomial distribution
  • Adjusted for ozone, temperature, seasonality, and long-term trends
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses for robustness
  • Introduced interaction term to test effect modification by Social Vulnerability Index.
  • Nationwide PM2.5-related mortality association was borderline (RR = 1.02)
  • Midwest showed significantly high risk (RR = 2.61) across seasons
  • The South exhibited a negative association (RR = 0.70)
  • SVI did not modify the PM2.5-mortality association in any region

Cite This Study

Miao et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69acc57d32b0ef16a404fa5bhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-26907-2
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