Prognostic Significance of the Estimated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Predicting the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease: The Nagahama Study and Shizuoka Kokuho Database Study

Figures

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  Supplementary Fig.1.. Schematic diagram of the study design

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  Supplementary Fig.2. Correlations between measured and estimated lbLDLC. Figures A, B: correlation plot between measured large buoyant low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (lbLDLC) and estimated lbLDLC using Sampson’s equation or modified equation for Japanese, respectively (n = 9,558). Solid line indicates correlation line and dotted line indicates diagonal line. Figure C: Bland-Altman plot between measured and modified equation-estimated lbLDLC.

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  Fig.1. Correlations between the measured and estimated sdLDLC. A, B: Correlation plot between the measured small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDLC) and Sampson’s equation or modified equation for the Japanese-estimated sdLDLC (n = 9,558). Solid line: correlation; dotted line: diagonal. C: Bland–Altman plot of the agreement between the measured and modified equation-estimated sdLDLC levels.

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  Fig.2. A Kaplan–Meier curve analysis of the coronary artery disease incidence. A Kaplan–Meier curve analysis of the quintiles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) (A) and small dense LDLC (sdLDLC) estimated using the modified equation (B). Quintiles were calculated for each sex and then combined to avoid any potential sex differences.

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  Fig.3. Hazard ratios of the LDLC and sdLDLC quintiles for coronary artery disease incidence. Values are presented as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals calculated by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, current smoking, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The quintiles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and small dense LDLC (sdLDLC) estimated using the modified equation for Japanese individuals were calculated for each sex and then combined to avoid potential sex differences. HR, hazard ratio; CAD, coronary artery disease; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index. Open square: reference; gray square: not statistically significant; black square: statistically significant.

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  Supplementary Fig.3. Hazard ratios of measured LDLC and estimated sdLDLC quartiles for incidence of coronary artery diseases. Values are hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval calculated by Cox proportional hazard model adjusting of age, sex, body mass index, current smoking, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and log-normalized triglyceride. The quintiles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and small-dense LDLC estimated by the modified equation for Japanese were calculated within sex and then combined to avoid potential sex differences. HR: hazard ratio, CAD: coronary artery diseases.

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  Supplementary Fig.4. Hazard ratios for coronary artery diseases by the combinations of measured LDLC and estimated sdLDLC levels. Values are hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval calculated by Cox proportional hazard model adjusting of age, sex, body mass index, current smoking, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Small-dense LDLC was estimated by the modified equation for Japanese. LDLC: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HR: hazard ratio, CAD: coronary artery diseases.

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  Fig.4. Hazard ratios of the sdLDLC levels for coronary artery disease incidence according to the LDLC levels. Values are presented as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals calculated by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, current smoking, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Small dense LDLC (sdLDLC) was estimated using a modified equation for Japanese. Open square: reference; gray square: not statistically significant; black square: statistically significant.