The relationship between sense of control and system-justifying belief: an examination from the compensatory control theory

Compensatory control theory suggests that lower sense of control is correlated with stronger system-justifying belief. Three studies (N = 1843) were designed to test compensatory control theory in China. Study 1 showed that there was a positive correlation between sense of control and system-justifying belief, which contrary to compensatory control theory. Study 2 replicated the findings of positive correlation, and further found the moderating role of subjective socioeconomic status. However, study 3 demonstrated the causal negative relationship between sense of control and system-justifying belief. In low sense of control conditions, the levels of system-justifying belief were significantly reduced for those suffering negative environments, indicating a “snow plus frost” effect. These findings deeply explored the relationship between sense of control and system-justifying belief.