This framework proposes a mechanism explaining the 511 keV emission via dark matter interactions, suggesting a novel interpretation of cosmic phenomena.
We propose a novel framework where MeV-scale Dirac Dark Matter annihilates into axion-like particles, providing a natural explanation for the 511 keV gamma-ray line observed in the Galactic Center. The relic abundance is determined by p -wave annihilation into two axion-like particles, while s -wave annihilation into three axion-like particles, decaying into e + e − pairs, accounts for the line intensity. Remarkably, this model reproduces the observed emission morphology, satisfies in-flight annihilation and cosmological bounds, and achieves the correct relic density, assuming a contracted Navarro-Frenk-White profile similar to the one that reproduces the Fermi-LAT Galactic Center Excess, offering a compelling resolution to this longstanding anomaly.
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Aghaie et al. (2026) studied this question.
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