Abstract Using Fabry‐Perot Interferometer measurements, auroral photographs at Mohe (122.3°E geographic longitude, 53.5°N geographic latitude; 48.7°N geomagnetic latitude in AACGM‐v2 coordinates at 1 January 2025), and Super Dual Auroral Radar Network observations, we report direct ground‐based observations of unusually disturbed thermospheric winds at Mohe during the 1 January 2025, New Year geomagnetic storm. Specifically, strong westward thermospheric winds before midnight and rapidly emerging and receding eastward thermospheric winds after midnight were linked to changes in the relative position of the polar convection boundary with respect to Mohe. The multi‐instrument observations captured the continuous temporal evolution of both thermospheric winds and polar convection during the event. The intense geomagnetic activity and the continued drift of the north geomagnetic pole toward Siberia may have facilitated the equatorward expansion of the polar disturbance zone into the East Asian sector.
Li et al. (Sun,) studied this question.