A Computer Vision-Based Approach for Lunar Laser Ranging Signal Detection

Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) represents the forefront of laser ranging technology. Due to the considerable distance to the Moon and the strong background light, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of LLR signals is much lower compared to satellite laser ranging in Earth’s orbit. Accurate processing of LLR data is essential for its scientific applications. This paper addresses the challenge of low SNR in LLR signals by developing a detection model based on computer vision techniques. The model was tested using both simulated data with an SNR as low as -19 dB and measured data as low as -12.9 dB. The results demonstrate that the model provides reliable detection in both cases, offering a robust approach for the effective processing of lunar laser ranging data.