Public health response to homeless encampments in Ontario

Homeless encampments present several public health concerns, including inadequate sanitation facilities, limited access to potable water, the spread of infectious diseases, pest infestations, and exposure to extreme weather conditions. This research explores the involvement of public health units (PHUs) in homeless encampments. A survey of Ontario PHU supervisors, managers, and directors found that PHUs respond to health hazards and proactively protect health in encampments. Key informant interviews with public health inspectors provided insight into the complexities and lessons learned from their experience in responding to health hazards in encampments. The findings underscore the role of public health professionals in these settings, the value of collaboration, and advocate for enhanced guidance and resource allocation to address homeless encampments.