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Biofabrication develops vascularized endometrial organoids for enhanced regeneration in intrauterine adhesion, suggesting new treatment possibilities.
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a prevalent gynecological disorder characterized by endometrial fibrosis and compromised regeneration, lacking effective clinical treatments. Here, we present a microfluidic biofabrication strategy to engineer vascularized endometrial micro-organoids that recapitulate the cellular complexity and function of native tissue. By co-encapsulating human endometrial stromal cells, epithelial organoids, and endothelial cells (HUVECs) in biocompatible hydrogel microspheres, we created 3D constructs supporting hormone responsiveness, decidualization, and pathological remodeling upon TGF-β stimulation. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that the presence of endothelial cells alleviated hypoxia-induced inflammation and promoted epithelial homeostasis. In vivo transplantation into a murine IUA model led to improved engraftment, endometrial regeneration, and fertility recovery. This vascularized organoid system offers a scalable and translational platform for endometrial repair and disease modeling, highlighting the promise of biofabrication in reproductive regenerative medicine.
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GU et al. (2026) studied this question.
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