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The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Malimpung sand and zeolite as filter materials for drinking water filtration.

March 13, 2026Applied Water ScienceOpen Access

Optimizing filter bed depth using local material for efficient and cost-effective water filtration in developing countries

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The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Malimpung sand and zeolite as filter materials for drinking water filtration.
Investigated Malimpung sand and zeolite at depths of 0.05 m, 0.1 m, and 0.15 m.
Conducted laboratory filtration simulations using 400 L of water with 100 NTU turbidity.
Recorded water volume and quality every 2 minutes over a maximum of 360 minutes.
The combination of 0.1 m of Malimpung sand and 0.15 m of zeolite showed the best hydraulic performance.
Significant reductions in turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) were observed with optimal filter depths.

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Research investigates optimal filter media combinations to improve water quality in developing countries, suggesting effective local materials.

Bakri et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Research investigates optimal filter media combinations to improve water quality in developing countries, suggesting effective local materials.