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When hostile venous anatomy blocks antegrade LV lead delivery, opportunistic collateral wiring plus balloon venoplasty offers a safe, effective bailout by straightening bends and enlarging the vessel
When hostile venous anatomy blocks antegrade LV lead delivery, opportunistic collateral wiring plus balloon venoplasty offers a safe, effective bailout by straightening bends and enlarging the vessel lumen.
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Yusuf et al. (2026) studied this question.
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