Scientific Issues and Future Perspectives on Low-altitude Safety Management Based on Low-altitude Intelligent Networked System

Low-altitude operations constitute a safety-critical and complex systems engineering endeavor，involving multiple stakeholders and encompassing intelligent aerial vehicles，cyber-physical infrastructure，networked interconnections，and management-service platforms. Its safety management faces multifaceted challenges，including high airspace complexity，diverse aircraft types，dense airspace utilization，prominent cybersecurity and data privacy risks，complex system integration and interoperability issues，as well as significant regulatory and standard disparities. Systematic research is urgently needed to establish a comprehensive and reliable safety management framework. Following the systems engineering approach of “operational concept - required capabilities - technological implementation”，this paper elaborates on the concepts of low-altitude operations and safety. From a systems science perspective，it categorizes low-altitude safety into systemic safety and derived safety，highlighting the pivotal role of intelligent low-altitude networked systems in ensuring systemic safety. Key required capabilities and existing technologies are analyzed，culminating in the identification of critical scientific challenges in low-altitude safety management，along with actionable recommendations for future development.