This study systematically reviewed 55 articles on perceived park accessibility following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and, for the first time, proposed a three-dimensional “physical-social-individual” framework to elucidate the multifaceted outcomes on park perceived accessibility. The findings indicate that perceived accessibility, influenced by complex factors and group heterogeneity, predicts park usage outcomes more effectively than objective measures. The study underscores the need to address social equity and cultural contexts, especially in developing countries and vulnerable groups. It recommends integrating emerging assessment methods and quality-oriented park design with targeted interventions to promote inclusive urban planning and public health policies.
Gao et al. (2026) studied this question.