Dark Matter & Dark Energy (95% of the Universe) Through the Lens of GCST Global Complexity–Stability Theory as a Thermodynamic Origin of the Dark Sector — First-Principles Derivation

Abstract ΛCDM cosmology attributes ~95% of the critical density ρ_crit to dark matter (Ω_DM ≈ 0.27) and dark energy (Ω_Λ ≈ 0.68), with baryonic matter comprising only ~5% (Ω_b ≈ 0.05). No direct detection of dark matter particles has been achieved, and the physical nature of dark energy remains unresolved. Global Complexity–Stability Theory (GCST) proposes that both dark components are manifestations of accumulated structural debt D — non-dissipated instability from the early universe. The cosmic stability index is defined as We derive the critical value G_c = 1 directly from fundamental constants c, G, ħ and H(t). Debt D contributes to the energy-momentum tensor T_μν^D, unifying dark matter (high ∇C regions) and dark energy (low ∇C regions). The observed 95:5 ratio emerges as ρ_D / ρ_total ≈ 1 – G_cosmo ≈ 0.95. The theory is formulated with a Lagrangian density, renormalization-group (RG) flow, general covariance, and explicit conservation laws. Quantum fluctuations at the Planck scale seed the large-scale structure, and the cosmic coincidence problem is resolved as a dynamic attractor of G → 1.