What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to create a versatile hydrogel scaffold that can change shape in multiple directions for tissue engineering applications.

March 15, 2026Bioactive MaterialsOpen Access

Reprogrammable 4D tissue engineering hydrogel scaffold via reversible ion printing

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The aim is to create a versatile hydrogel scaffold that can change shape in multiple directions for tissue engineering applications.
Developed a hydrogel using ion-transfer printing (ITP) technology to create crosslinking gradients.
Combined surface patterning with cell-laden constructs to enable multi-directional shape changes.
Implemented a fast and simple fabrication approach for hydrogel scaffolds.
Demonstrated chemical treatment for shape recovery and reprogramming.
Showed long-term support for cell differentiation in engineered tissues.
The new hydrogel scaffolds exhibited programmable and reprogrammable shape-morphing capabilities.
Effective shape manipulation was achieved in engineered cartilage-like tissue constructs.
Demonstrated unique '3D-to-3D' shape conversions using preprogrammable deformations.
Hydrogels supported long-term cell differentiation for tissue regeneration.

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Implication

This work develops a novel hydrogel system that enables programmable shape-morphing in tissue engineering, suggesting innovative applications for tissue regeneration.

Cite This Study

Ding et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69b64ccdb42794e3e660df2e https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.011

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Implication

This work develops a novel hydrogel system that enables programmable shape-morphing in tissue engineering, suggesting innovative applications for tissue regeneration.

Reprogrammable 4D tissue engineering hydrogel scaffold via reversible ion printing

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Reprogrammable 4D tissue engineering hydrogel scaffold via reversible ion printing

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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