Naples prognostic score, Prognostic Nutritional Index, and CONUT score in predicting implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy outcomes in HFrEF

288 adult patients aged 18 years and older with heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, who received primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation and were followed for at least six months. Mean age 52.25 years, 74.31% male. Excluded: active infections, history of inappropriate/appropriate ICD shocks before enrollment, organ transplant, ongoing immunosuppressive therapy, acute MI or cardiac surgery within 6 months, liver cirrhosis, COPD, dialysis-dependent renal failure, malignancy, or hematologic disorders.

Calculation of nutritional indices including Naples prognostic score (NPS), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), and CONUT score from baseline laboratory values obtained at the time of ICD implantation.

Predictive value of the Naples prognostic score (NPS) for appropriate ICD therapy (antitachycardia pacing or defibrillation shocks for documented ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation).hard clinical