Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis , remains a significant global public health problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in developing countries. The pulmonary form is the main driver of transmission, sustaining disease spread in vulnerable communities. To describe the epidemiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis cases at the Public General Hospital of Palmas (HGPP) between January 2014 and December 2024. A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative epidemiological study using data from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), including number of hospitalizations, deaths, and mortality coefficient from January 2014 to December 2024. After data collection, the total number of patients hospitalized in the state of Tocantins due to a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis between January 2014 and December 2024 was 508. The year 2023 presented the highest number of hospitalizations, with 67 cases (13.18%). Regarding the variables analyzed, males were the most affected, accounting for 370 cases (72.83%). Concerning race/color, mixed-race individuals were the most affected, with 403 cases (79.33%). The most affected age group was 40–49 years, with 103 cases (20.27%), followed by the 30–39-year age group with 88 cases (17.32%). Regarding deaths, a total of 35 cases were recorded, with the highest incidence in 2022, with 12 cases (34.28%), followed by 2020 with 6 cases (17.14%). Among deaths, males were the most affected, with 28 cases (80%). Mixed-race individuals accounted for 26 deaths (74.28%). The most affected age group among deaths was 30–39 years, with 9 cases (25.71%), followed by the 60–69-year age group with 7 cases (20%). The mortality coefficient for the analyzed period was 6.89, with the highest value observed in 2022 (19.35), followed by 2018 (12.82). The epidemiological profile of pulmonary tuberculosis hospitalizations during the analyzed period predominantly involved mixed-race men aged 40–49 years.
Sousa et al. (Sun,) studied this question.