Epidemiological Overview of Dengue in the State of Pará: Characterization of Notified Cases From 2020 to 2024

Dengue is a rapidly expanding viral arboviral disease caused by Flavivirus and transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. It is a major public health problem in Brazil, especially in tropical regions such as the state of Pará, where factors like hot and humid climate, accelerated urbanization, and poor infrastructure favor vector proliferation. In this context, it is essential to understand the epidemiological panorama of dengue in Pará between 2020 and 2024. Descriptive, quantitative study using secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), available through DATASUS. All dengue cases notified in Pará from 2020 to 2024 were included in the analyzed sample. Variables included municipality of residence, year of notification, sex, age group, and case outcome. A total of 42,006 dengue cases were recorded in Pará during the period analyzed, with 2024 standing out as the year with the highest number of notifications (50.6%; n=21,261). Among municipalities, Belém ranked first with 5,153 cases, followed by Parauapebas with 3,160. Regarding affected individuals, most were female (53.5%; n=22,501), while males represented 46.4% (n=19,479). The most affected age group was 20–39 years (n=16,202), followed by 40–59 and 15–19 years, with 9,326 and 4,680 cases, respectively. Trends across 2020–2024 revealed a marked rise in disease occurrence, with a 492.7% increase. These data show the strong impact of dengue ‒ a neglected tropical disease ‒ on the population of Pará, given the high prevalence of outbreaks due to the ease of mosquito proliferation, especially in areas with environmental conditions favorable to its reproductive cycle. The results show persistence and growth of dengue in Pará, driven by environmental, social, and structural conditions that facilitate the expansion of Aedes aegypti. Higher incidence in young and adult women, especially in urban centers such as Belém and Parauapebas, reinforces the need for integrated and continuous surveillance, prevention, and control strategies.