Enhancing power density of piezoelectric energy harvesters through fabric-based design for low frequency wind-induced vibrations

This paper proposes a low-frequency, fabric-based wind energy harvester (FWEH) consisting of a flag-shaped polyester fabric affixed to an aluminum cantilever beam. The experimental research analyzes the effects of various design parameters, such as external load resistance, wind speed, and geometric properties of energy harvester, on maximum voltage, vibration frequency, and power density. Under optimal conditions, the FWEH generated an average power of 4.01 mW/cm³ at a wind speed of 9 m/s with a load resistance of 510 kΩ. This represents a more than 300% increase in output power compared to the baseline energy harvester under the same wind conditions.