What question did this study set out to answer?

To explore a scalar-tensor framework that enables cosmic acceleration through non-linear kinetic structures.

March 19, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Dynamical Freeze-Out Dark Energy from Non-Linear Kinetic Structure

Key Points

To explore a scalar-tensor framework that enables cosmic acceleration through non-linear kinetic structures.
Developed a minimal scalar-tensor framework for cosmic acceleration.
Derived background evolution and perturbation dynamics.
Introduced the Freeze-Out Test as an observable connection to cosmological data.
Predicted correlated signatures in structure growth and sound speed.
Showed potential for non-Gaussianities as observational targets.
Indicated that dynamical freeze-out leads the equation of state toward w ≈−1.

Abstract

We present a minimal scalar-tensor framework in which cosmic acceleration emerges dynami- cally from a non-linear kinetic structure. A dynamical freeze-out mechanism drives the equation of state toward w ≈−1 without requiring a cosmological constant. We derive the background evolution and perturbation dynamics and introduce a novel observable — the Freeze- Out Test — which provides a direct and falsifiable connection between the kinetic structure and cosmological data. The model predicts correlated signatures in structure growth, sound speed suppression, and non-Gaussianities, offering a clear pathway for observational verification.

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