Comparative Study of Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics Between Eyes With Adult Onset Vitelliform Dystrophy, Age-related Macular Degeneration, and Healthy Controls

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) metrics in adult-onset foveovitelliform dystrophy (AOFVD), intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD), and healthy control eyes. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study analyzing SS-OCTA foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel skeletonized density (VSD), and vessel density (VD) using the ARI network was conducted. A mixed-effects multiple regression model adjusting for age was used for statistical analyses. Results: The cohort included 204 eyes of 125 patients (control, n = 63; iAMD, n = 93; AOFVD, n = 48). Compared to iAMD, AOFVD eyes had significantly reduced VD, VSD, and FAZ circularity on 3 × 3-mm and 6 × 6-mm angiograms, and significantly increased FAZ area and FAZ perimeter on 6 × 6-mm angiograms. There was no difference on 12 × 12-mm angiograms. Compared to controls, AOFVD eyes had significantly reduced FAZ circularity on 3 × 3-mm angiograms. Conclusion: SS-OCTA metrics may help in distinguishing AOFVD from iAMD.