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Evaluate the disparities in exposure to finer particulate matter across different pollution levels and population compositions.

Finer Particulate Matter Exposure Disparities Exist but Vary across Pollution Concentrations

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Evaluate the disparities in exposure to finer particulate matter across different pollution levels and population compositions.
Analyzed hourly data of PM2.5 and PM1 in the contiguous United States
Compared exposure for high and low shares of Black, Hispanic, education, and poverty populations
Used linear regression for annual means to assess disparities
Counties with high racial minority or low-education populations experienced greater particulate matter exposure
At extreme pollution levels, disparities were significant, including changes of up to 11.22 μg/m3 for Black populations
Using annual means underestimated hourly exposure disparities by over 70% during high pollution conditions

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Uncovers exposure disparities to particulate matter in diverse populations, highlighting significant variations in health implications.

Chu et al. (2026) studied this question.

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