This research demonstrates enhanced mmWave antenna performance using liquid metal textiles, suggesting new solutions for wearable communication devices.
Millimeter‐wave technologies are critical to the next generation of wireless body area networks, offering high data rates an d wide bandwidths. However, realizing mechanically robust and electromagnetically stable mmWave devices remains a significant challenge due to the high sensitivity of radio‐frequency performance to conductive degradation under deformation. Here, we report a strategy to fabricate deformation‐insensitive, high‐performance mmWave electronic textiles (E‐textiles) by combining specially engineered liquid metal (LM) inks with a high‐resolution “dual‐mask” printing technique. The LM inks, composed of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐stabilized gallium‐based nanodroplets, exhibit excellent surface compatibility, self‐healing behavior, and high conductivity (∼11.16 mΩ/sq), enabling the formation of conformal, durable circuits on textiles. We demonstrate a 26 GHz LM‐textile antenna array maintaining 9.65 dBi gain after repeated bending, as well as a microstrip transmission line with a negligible attenuation increase after mechanical cycling. Compared to printed silver inks and metallic‐cloth‐based antennas, the LM‐textile antenna exhibits superior mechanical reliability and maintains a wireless transmission range of 4.5 meters for high‐definition images. These results establish LM‐textiles as a promising platform for future wearable mmWave devices, offering scalable, flexible, and resilient solutions for high‐frequency wireless communication.
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Ju et al. (2026) studied this question.
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