What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate how target blur influences visual acuity performance in young children with uncorrected ametropia.

March 21, 2026

Performance of the Dot Visual Acuity Test with Uncorrected Ametropia Resulting in Target Blur

DKDavid KirschenBrea Fire Department KGKIM GOOCHEYWinter Haven Hospital BSBRAD SALOMONWinter Haven Hospital

Key Points

To evaluate how target blur influences visual acuity performance in young children with uncorrected ametropia.
Conducted on 21 children aged 2 to 4 years
Measured refractive errors after full correction
Assessed lag of accommodation
Analyzed visual acuity as optical blur increased
Found a monotonic decrease in visual acuity with greater optical blur
Reduced retinal image contrast contributed to decreased acuity
Confirmed specific effects of blur on target detection in young children

Abstract

ABSTRACT The dot visual acuity test is used to test the acuity of children between the ages of 2 and 4 years who do not respond to the tumbling E test. Because the test involves the detection of a black dot on a white background it is appropriate to ask if the detection threshold is lowered artificially in the presence of target blur. Twenty‐one children (42 eyes) were used in the study. Refractive errors were fully corrected and each subject's lag of accommodation was measured. A monotonic decrease in acuity was found with increasing amounts of optical blur. The explanation for the de‐creased acuity is found in the reduced retinal image contrast of the blurred target.

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