Not Just a Polyp: Unmasking Rhinoscleroma on Histopathology in an Unusual Case

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infection that affects the upper respiratory tract.It is caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, which mainly impacts the nasal cavity.The condition is more commonly found in tropical regions and is associated with low socioeconomic conditions.We present the case of a 52-year-old male who experienced right-sided nasal obstruction, nasal bleeding, and mouth breathing for 1.5 years.Clinical examination revealed a firm, nontender nasal mass.Imaging suggested sinonasal polyposis, while a biopsy confirmed rhinoscleroma with Mikulicz cells.Early diagnosis and antibiotic therapy are essential for managing this rare but progressive condition.This case is unusual because rhinoscleroma presented as a benign-appearing sinonasal polyp on imaging, without typical socioeconomic risk factors, leading to initial diagnostic confusion.