Maternal and Foetal Outcomes in Haematological Malignancies During Pregnancy: A Retrospective Case Series From a Tertiary Care Centre

Background Haematological malignancies during pregnancy are rare but pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to overlapping symptoms with normal gestation and the need for timely treatment. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital between August 2021 and July 2024. Fifteen pregnant women diagnosed with haematological malignancies were included. Data regarding clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, obstetric and neonatal outcomes were collected and analysed. Results Among the 15 patients, common diagnoses included CML (47%), ALL (26%), AML (20%) and Hodgkin lymphoma (7%). Seven patients presented before conception, whereas eight were diagnosed during pregnancy. Three underwent medical termination; 12 delivered, of whom seven were preterm. Most deliveries were vaginal (75%). One case of craniosynostosis was noted, likely due to in‐utero TKI exposure. Conclusion Individualised‐multidisciplinary care enables successful outcomes for both mother and baby. Although chemotherapy in later trimesters is relatively safer, risks persist, especially with targeted therapies like TKIs. More longitudinal data are required to guide optimal care.