Analysis of Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in Crop Rhizosphere Soil Based on Illumina NovaSeq Sequencing Platform

[Objectives] To make full use of crop rhizosphere microbial resources. [Methods] Illumina NovaSeq sequencing platform was used to analyze the richness and diversity of microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of rice and maize crops in Baitu Town, Gaoyao District, Zhaoqing City. [Results] A total of 14 936 OTUs of bacteria and 1 905 OTUs of fungi were obtained from three samples of rice rhizosphere soil, and 13 437 OTUs of bacteria and 1 413 OTUs of fungi were obtained from three samples of maize rhizosphere soil. The diversity and richness of bacterial communities were higher than those of fungi. There are differences in soil bacterial and fungal communities among different crop samples. The analysis of species with bacteria difference at genus level among crop rhizosphere soil samples showed that 18 genera with significant differences were obtained from 6 samples; species analysis of fungi at the genus level showed that 3 genera with significant differences were obtained from 6 samples. [Conclusions] The research results of this paper have positive significance for the development and utilization of soil resources in Zhaoqing City and the full exploitation of rice and maize rhizosphere microbial resources.