In the proposed model, the data packets are sent from the autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to the base station. When creating underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), it is essential to consider the energy consumption of AUVs. Still, it can be difficult to choose an AUV's optimal path. To solve this issue, the suggested method utilises the optimal path selection. This is addressed by the oppositional remora optimisation algorithm (OROA). The performance of the proposed method is assessed in terms of residual energy, network lifetime, delivery ratio, energy consumption, and delay. The suggested solution provides average performance parameters of 95% packet delivery ratio, 12032 J residual energy, 1.54 s delay, and 3908 s network life. The suggested model is exceptionally energy-efficient because it achieved the highest delivery ratio while consuming the least amount of energy. The proposed approach is implemented on the NS2 platform.
Rex et al. (Thu,) studied this question.