Natural house dust mites (HDM) exposures in children with allergic airway diseases in Khabarovsk and Vladivistok and rates of HDM sensitization

The aim of our work was to find the correlation between range of HDM sensitization and frequency of occurrence and quantity of HDM in the homes of children with allergic airway diseases in neighbor regions of Far East with different climatic conditions. There is maritime climate with high humidity in Vladivostok and continental one in Khabarovsk. We suppose quantity of HDM in children beds could be markers of HDM allergens exposures and cause of HDM sensitization. We observed children with allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA) in Vladivostok (408) and Khabarovsk (624). HDM sensitization was estimated by specific IgE and skin testing. Dust samples from mattresses were collected during 2008-2012 years. Number of HDM was measured. The species were identified morfologically. The rate of HDM sensitization in children in Vladivostok was 74,6% and significantly above that in Khabarovsk (21,3%). The average level of HDM was 579 +44 sp|gr in Vladivostok homes and 241+56 sp|gr in Khabarovsk. The most frequent and prolific specie in Vladivostok homes was Dermatophagoides (D.) Pteronissinus, followed by D. Farinae, and Tyrophagus (T.) putrescenticiae. While D. Farinae dominated in acarofauna of Khabarovsk homes, followed by D.pteronissinus and T. putrescenticiae. The spertrum of children sensitization correlated with frequency of occurance and quantity of HDM. Conclusions: The species and quantity of HDM in children beds as markers of HDM allergens exposures are different in Vladivostok and Khabarovsk as rate and spectrum of sensitization. It requires different approach to allergic disease management in different regions of Far East.