In such megacities as St. Petersburg, the development of urban areas is not possible without the construction of existing historical buildings. For the construction of foundations and underground parts of buildings, deep excavation pits have to be designed. In such circumstances, the main task of the successful implementation of the project is to ensure the safety of neighboring buildings. For St. Petersburg, for example, the search for a solution to the conditions of safe construction is associated with an assessment of the deformability of the foundation soils under various kinds of technological construction impacts. We have analyzed various methods of geotechnical protection of buildings and structures based on practical experience, depending on a combination of factors. Numerical calculations performed using the PLAXIS software package make it possible to predict with sufficient accuracy the degree of impact of excavation of the excavation pit and its loosening on nearby buildings, taking into account the proposed protective measures. The article discusses practical examples of the use of various active and passive geotechnical protective measures in the groundwater conditions of St. Petersburg, as well as possible consequences in the event of their absence. For the construction of a geotechnical barrier, it is necessary to use modern materials that reduce the time of standing and accelerate the strength gain of the fixed soil mass.
Mangushev et al. (Thu,) studied this question.