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March 25, 2026International Journal of Molecular SciencesOpen Access

Galactokinase 1 Inhibition-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Bladder Cancer Cells Is Associated with AKT Signaling Downregulation

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Authors

SSSurya P. SinghUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterRLRonghao LiuUniversity of OklahomaFYFeng YanUniversity of Oklahoma

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Implication

Demonstrates GALK1 inhibition reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies.

Key Points

  • The research aims to investigate the role of GALK1 in bladder cancer progression and the effects of its specific inhibitor.
  • Analysed TCGA data for GALK1 expression in bladder tumors versus normal tissue.
  • Used shRNA for gene silencing of GALK1 in bladder cancer cell lines.
  • Applied the small molecule inhibitor Cpd36 to explore its effects on cell proliferation and migration.
  • Measured changes in cell cycle phase and apoptosis markers in treated bladder cancer cells.
  • GALK1 is overexpressed in bladder tumors compared to normal tissue (p < 0.0001).
  • Cpd36 significantly reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion in bladder cancer cells.
  • Cpd36 induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis through cleaved caspase-3.
  • Inhibition led to downregulation of p-AKT, and synergistic effects were observed with cisplatin and gemcitabine.

Cite This Study

Singh et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69c37b20b34aaaeb1a67d379https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062911
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