Improving Infection Prevention Compliance in Acute Hospital Wards: The Role of Nursing Leadership

Healthcare-associated infections remain a major challenge for healthcare systems worldwide, particularly within acute hospital wards where patients are exposed to complex clinical interventions and high levels of patient–staff interaction. Ensuring consistent adherence to infection prevention and control practices is therefore essential for improving patient safety and healthcare quality. This study critically examined the influence of nursing leadership on infection prevention compliance in acute hospital environments. A narrative review approach was adopted, drawing on existing empirical studies, systematic reviews, and policy guidelines related to infection prevention practices, healthcare leadership, and organisational factors affecting compliance. The analysis explored the burden of healthcare-associated infections, the determinants of infection prevention adherence, leadership strategies that support improved compliance, the role of technological interventions, and the challenges affecting effective leadership in infection prevention. The findings indicate that nursing leadership plays a pivotal role in strengthening infection prevention practices through staff education, behavioural reinforcement, interdisciplinary collaboration, and the development of a culture that prioritises patient safety. Organisational support, resource availability, and effective communication were also identified as key factors influencing compliance with infection prevention guidelines. However, challenges such as workforce pressures, inconsistent staff knowledge, and difficulties in sustaining behavioural change continue to hinder optimal adherence. The study concludes that strengthening leadership capacity, integrating technological innovations, and promoting multidisciplinary collaboration are essential for improving infection prevention outcomes. It is recommended that healthcare institutions invest in leadership development, continuous professional training, and evidence-based quality improvement initiatives to support sustainable infection prevention practices.