Enhanced Multi-Scale Defect Detection in Steel Surfaces via Innovative Deep Learning Architecture

Steel surface defects significantly impact product quality and safety in industrial settings. Traditional defect detection methods suffer from inefficiencies and limitations. This study introduces an innovative deep learning architecture, CTG-YOLO, designed to enhance multi-scale defect detection accuracy on steel surfaces. By integrating a CBY parallel network structure, a TFF-PANet neck network, and a GS-Head detection head, our model achieves superior feature extraction and fusion capabilities. Experimental results on the NEU-DET and GC10-DET datasets demonstrate significant improvements, with mean Average Precision (mAP) scores of 76.55% and 69.94%, respectively, outperforming the original YOLOv8s by 3.72% and 3.14%. This research provides a robust foundation for industrial defect detection applications.