What question did this study set out to answer?

To assess how age, sex, and smoking affect prevalence and progression rates of interstitial lung abnormalities using patient-level data.

Age, sex, smoking-specific prevalence and progression in interstitial lung abnormality: patient-level meta-analysis

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Patient-level meta-analysis evaluates ILA prevalence and progression by age, sex, and smoking, suggesting targeted screening in older populations.

To assess how age, sex, and smoking affect prevalence and progression rates of interstitial lung abnormalities using patient-level data.
Conducted systematic searches in OVID-MEDLINE and Embase for relevant studies.
Utilized random-effects models to pool estimated prevalence and progression rates.
Evaluated risk of bias with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Calculated progression-free survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Pooled ILA prevalence was found to be 5.6%, increasing significantly with age.
Men and heavy smokers displayed higher prevalence rates of ILA.
Overall progression rate of ILA was 34%, particularly for fibrotic ILAs.
Progression-free survival estimates were 76% at 3 years and 55% at 5 years.

Chae et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Patient-level meta-analysis evaluates ILA prevalence and progression by age, sex, and smoking, suggesting targeted screening in older populations.