Introduction: Greece is one of the 10% of European Union countries that do not have a unique aerial Search and Rescue (SAR) system to cover primary and secondary air transport by specialized personnel. There are innumerable difficulties in terms of search, rescue, and air transportation. Complications are mainly related to the small territorial coverage, but also a disproportionately large range of the sea area of Greece. As a part of a wider empirical qualitative research, this systematic literature review aimed to provide a comprehensive description of existing aerial SAR systems worldwide, offering a framework for further developing new system capabilities that Greece can use to reduce the fatality rates at the accident scene. Methods: A systematic integrative literature review was used according to Whittemore and Knafl’s descriptions. The databases investigated were PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE to find papers addressing the above aim. The electronic search strategy identified 573 potential studies. Following title, abstract and full-text screening, 20 studies met the eligibility criteria for final inclusion. Results: The review revealed that regular simulation-based training, including fatigue management, emergency procedures, and scene leadership, is crucial for an effective aerial SAR system. Additionally, it is necessary to have an increased number of air bases and fleet modernization, which enables the fast transportation of patients. The use of drones and robust real-time communication between SAW teams can also maximize efficiency and safety. Conclusion: For the development of a new aerial SAR framework, it is important to prioritize various components. These include communication technology and infrastructure and the development of a training culture for all medical staff by taking into account local mission profiles and the individual needs of the personnel. An effective aerial SAR system is crucial to promptly locate victims and save lives.
Margiolaki et al. (Sun,) studied this question.