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This research aims to investigate how caste influences occupational mobility and income inequality in urban South India post-economic liberalization.

March 25, 2026Open Access

Caste, Intergenerational Occupational Mobility, and Income Inequality in Urban South India

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Empirical analysis shows the complex interplay of caste and economic mobility in urban populations, indicating ongoing inequalities.

This research aims to investigate how caste influences occupational mobility and income inequality in urban South India post-economic liberalization.
Utilized two nationally representative datasets: Periodic Labour Force Survey 2022-23 and India Human Development Survey-II.
Analyzed income data through Lorenz curves and Gini decomposition for inequality measurement.
Investigated intergenerational mobility using transition matrices and relative mobility indices with a focus on caste groups.
Identified persistent economic stratification linked to caste despite urban labor market complexities.
Showed that upward mobility exists but remains limited among lower-caste groups due to inherited social capital effects.
Provided state-specific data supporting the need for tailored affirmative action policies in the context of caste.

Bhavani Krishnaswamy Govindan Subramanian (2026) studied this question.

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