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The aim is to evaluate the environmental and performance benefits of using fly ash and silica fume as cement replacements in concrete.

Decarbonizing concrete: A comprehensive review of fly ash and silica fume for low-carbon, durable, and sustainable cementitious systems

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The aim is to evaluate the environmental and performance benefits of using fly ash and silica fume as cement replacements in concrete.
Reviewed literature from peer-reviewed journals published between 2000 and projected 2025
Analyzed the impact of fly ash and silica fume on concrete strength and durability
Assessed CO2 emissions reduction related to clinker production.
Substituting 15-30% fly ash significantly reduces CO2 emissions and improves long-term concrete strength
Employing 10-20% silica fume enhances early strength and reduces concrete permeability
The combination of fly ash and silica fume increases long-term durability and decreases vulnerability to chloride and sulfate ions.

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This review analyzes the performance of fly ash and silica fume in low-carbon concrete, indicating their potential for sustainable construction.

Sharma et al. (2026) studied this question.

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This review analyzes the performance of fly ash and silica fume in low-carbon concrete, indicating their potential for sustainable construction.