Key result
Behavior-tailored intervention substantially improves self-care scores and lowers systolic BP in uncontrolled hypertension.
Why the study?
Hypertension control remains suboptimal in community-based primary care settings due to inadequate self-care practices and persistent high salt consumption.
Does the Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) improve self-care behaviors, salt preference, and clinical biomarkers in adults with hypertension?
Does the Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) improve self-care behaviors, salt preference, and clinical biomarkers in adults with hypertension?
Absolute Event Rate: 54.73% vs 34.96%
p-value: p=<0.001
A nurse-led, behavior-tailored intervention integrating mindfulness and the Theory of Planned Behavior significantly improved self-care, reduced salt preference, and lowered blood pressure in adults with hypertension.
Supports nurse-led tailored behavioral interventions for uncontrolled hypertension; extends evidence integrating mindfulness with planned behavior theory.
Background: Sustained self-care is essential for effective hypertension management, particularly dietary salt reduction. In many community-based settings, including primary care areas in Indonesia, hypertension control remains suboptimal due to inadequate self-care practices and persistent high salt consumption, contributing to unfavorable biomarkers such as elevated blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic indicators. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) model on knowledge, Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs, self-efficacy, hypertension self-care behaviors, salt preference, and clinical outcomes (blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic biomarkers) among adults with hypertension. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design with a non-equivalent control group was conducted among 90 adults with hypertension (intervention = 45; control = 45). The intervention group received the BHATIN program integrating TPB-based behavioral strategies, mindfulness-informed coaching, skill-based training, and social support, while the control group received standard care. Data were collected using knowledge, TPB-based questionnaires and clinical measurements (salt preference, blood pressure, BMI, and metabolic biomarkers) and analyzed using paired and independent t-tests (p < 0.05). Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, intention, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors (all p < 0.001). Significant reductions were also observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, random blood glucose, and salt preference (p < 0.05), where the control group showed minimal change. Conclusion: The BHATIN model improves psychosocial determinants, self-care behaviors, salt preference, and selected clinical biomarkers among adults with hypertension, providing a feasible nurse-led strategy for community-based hypertension management.
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Usman et al. (2026) studied Hypertension (n=90). Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) vs. Usual hypertension care was evaluated on Self-care behaviors score (p=<0.001). The Behavior-Tailored Intervention (BHATIN) significantly improved self-care behavior scores (54.73 vs 34.96) and reduced systolic blood pressure in adults with uncontrolled hypertension.
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